Bafang electric bike motors explained: which one is right for you?
In the rapidly growing world of electric bikes, one name has been popping up more and more often in recent years: Bafang. Since its creation in 2003, this manufacturer has become one of the major players in the field of e-mobility components and complete drive systems. Where brands such as Bosch and Shimano previously dominated the market, Bafang is now rapidly gaining ground, and this is no coincidence. Bafang offers high-quality systems at attractive prices, making it the preferred choice for both bicycle manufacturers and consumers who want to convert their own bikes.
In this article, we take an in-depth look at the world of Bafang. We discuss the different types of motors, the unique features of the popular M series, and the uses for which these motors are best suited.
Written by: Hanna Stevens | January 26, 2025 | Reading time: 5 minutes
More about the author: Hanna Stevens
Hanna is an avid cyclist who loves exploring new routes and sharing her experiences to inspire others to get on their bikes more often.
Key findings
- Bafang offers great freedom of choice, maintenance, and customization.
- Mid-drive motors with torque sensors offer the most natural feel
- There is a Bafang solution suitable for almost every type of cyclist.
Why do so many people choose Bafang?
Because you get more freedom without compromising on quality. What sets Bafang apart from many competitors is its philosophy: designing motors for almost all types of bikes and all types of cyclists.
What do we mean by flexibility?
- Suitable for city bikes, e-MTBs, trekking bikes, and cargo bikes
- Complete systems as conversion kits
- Spare parts readily available
- Often more affordable than major premium brands
Personally, I appreciate the fact that with Bafang, you're not "locked in." You can upgrade or repair your system later without having to replace everything.
Bafang mid-drive motors
Although Bafang originally made a name for itself with its powerful front wheel motors, there is now a clear shift towards mid-drive motors. Installed at the bottom bracket, the mid-drive motor ensures optimal weight distribution and more stable handling thanks to a low, central center of gravity. Within the mid-drive motors, the famous M series, certain models clearly dominate the market.
Bafang M200
The M200 is considered the entry-level model, but don't be fooled. This motor is designed to provide smooth assistance and offers excellent value for money. With a torque of 65 Nm, it is even more powerful than some equivalent entry-level models from competitors, such as the Bosch Active Line (50 Nm).
A key feature of the M200 is its combination of sensors. The system uses both a rotation sensor and a torque sensor. In other words, the motor doesn't just detect the movement of the pedals: it also measures the force you apply. This makes the assistance feel very natural; the motor literally "listens" to your effort. What's more, it is particularly quiet, with a maximum noise level of 55 decibels. This makes the M200 an ideal choice for city bikes and commuting on flat terrain, typical of the Dutch landscape.
For daily commutes or urban journeys, it's a very pleasant motor. You almost forget it's there, except for the lightness you feel when pedaling.
Bafang M300
For those who need more power, the M300 is an excellent option. This motor delivers an impressive 80 Nm of torque, making it perfectly suited for hilly regions and recreational outings.
However, there is one technical difference that affects the riding experience. The M300 is generally equipped with only a rotation sensor and provides assistance based on pedal movement. This distinguishes it from the M200 and M400, which also have a torque sensor. Despite this, the M300 is appreciated for its quiet operation (also below 55 dB) and robustness. It is a solid choice for trekking bikes and e-bikes that are subject to heavier loads.
The feel is slightly less refined than that of the M200, but the extra power more than makes up for it.
Bafang M400 & M420
The M400 (and its variants such as the M420) is considered one of the top-of-the-line models. Like the M300, it offers 80 Nm of torque, but adds more advanced technology with dual detection: both rotation and torque are measured.
When riding with an M400 motor, the system immediately detects an increase in effort, such as when riding into the wind or uphill, and adjusts the assistance accordingly. The result is a very natural and progressive "ultimate riding experience." The M420 represents an evolution of this concept and is frequently found on modern city and touring bikes.
BBS01, BBS02, and BBSHD
For those who want to convert their own bike, Bafang offers the BBS series. Models such as the BBS01 (250 W), BBS02 (500 W / 750 W), and the very powerful BBSHD (1000 W) are popular mid-drive motors designed to fit into the bottom bracket of a standard frame. These motors are renowned for their reliability and power. However, according to some users on forums, they may require more maintenance (particularly lubrication) when used intensively, unlike some fully enclosed systems.
Front and rear wheel motors
In addition to mid-drive motors, Bafang continues to produce high-quality hub motors.
- Less expensive
- Easy to install
- Ideal for urban use
- More sporty feel ("push in the back")
- Quiet and responsive
- Suitable for higher speeds
Connectivity and batteries
A Bafang system does not operate in isolation: it interacts with displays and batteries. Bafang uses various communication protocols, the most important of which are UART and CAN bus. It is essential to know which protocol your bike uses when replacing components, as connectors and displays may differ.
Batteries vary greatly in capacity, from 340 Wh to over 750 Wh, depending on the desired range. A 522 Wh battery, for example, can offer a range of up to 130 km, depending on conditions. Control is usually via an LCD screen mounted in the center of the handlebars, allowing you to adjust the assistance and lighting safely without letting go of the handlebars.
Reliability and maintenance
Feedback indicates that Bafang motors are generally perceived as reliable, especially for normal use such as urban commuting and trekking. For extremely heavy loads, such as heavy cargo bikes in mountainous terrain, some experts prefer other brands. However, for the average cyclist, Bafang offers more than enough power and durability.
A notable advantage is the ease of repair and good availability of parts. However, in the event of intensive use, it is recommended to monitor the lubrication of the motor in order to limit wear on the nylon gears.
Conclusion: Which Bafang is right for you?
Bafang has established itself in the market by offering powerful, quiet, and affordable motors. Whether you opt for the natural assistance of the M200 and M400 mid-drive motors, the raw power of the M300, or the simplicity of a front wheel motor, there is a Bafang system for every type of cyclist. They are an excellent alternative to more expensive brands, without compromising on riding pleasure.
Overview of Bafang motors
| Engine model | Position | Torque (Nm) | Type of sensor(s) | Noise level | Ideal bike type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M200 | Central | 65 Nm | Rotation & torque | < 55 dB | City bikes, flat or slightly hilly terrain, commuting |
| M300 | Central | 80 Nm | Rotation | < 55 dB | Trekking bikes, hilly terrain, utility bikes |
| M400 / M420 | Central | 80 Nm | Rotation & torque | < 55 dB | High-end city bikes, cargo bikes, touring bikes, optimal riding experience |
| BBS01 / BBS02 | Central | 80–100+ lb-ft | Pedal sensor (internal) | Silent | Conversion projects (DIY), sports use, versatile applications |
| BBSHD | Central | 160 lb-ft | Pedaling sensor | Silent | Heavy-duty conversion, all-terrain, very high performance |
| H Series (front) | Front wheel | Variable | Rotation | Silent | Entry-level e-bikes, urban use, economical solutions |
| H Series (rear) | Rear wheel | Variable | Rotation / torque | Silent | Sporty e-bikes, speed pedelecs, stability at high speeds |
FAQ
Are Bafang motors legal?
Yes, as long as the motor complies with the 250 W limit and provides assistance up to 25 km/h.
Which is better: Bafang or Bosch?
It depends on your expectations. Bafang offers more flexibility and often a lower price.
Can I maintain a Bafang motor myself?
Yes, parts are readily available and repairs are often possible.
Which Bafang motor is the quietest?
The M200, M300, and M400 all have a noise level below 55 dB.
Is a Bafang conversion kit reliable?
Yes, provided that it is properly installed and regularly maintained.